How did the brand new ministers vote on the most recent main social legal guidelines? | EUROtoday
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“There is no ambiguity when it comes to the great laws of freedom”. Guest on France 2, Sunday September 22, Michel Barnier assured that the societal legal guidelines voted in latest many years can be “fully preserved”, together with the Marriage for All Act (2013) and the Act on Access to Medically Assisted Procreation (2021). The Prime Minister stated he can be a “bulwark to preserve all of these acquired rights for the men and women of France”.
Since the announcement of the brand new authorities, a number of political and associative voices have denounced the conservative positions, even “reactionaries”, of some new ministers.
We explored the votes of ministers who sat within the National Assembly or the Senate, through the adoption of seven important texts. In the Barnier authorities, 9 ministers handed via the Senate, twenty sat within the Assembly and two have been elected in each chambers.
2013: the Taubira legislation establishing marriage for all
In 2013, the opening of marriage to same-sex {couples} led to a political battle, at occasions very violent in direction of LGBT+ individuals. The invoice, led by the Minister of Justice, Christiane Taubira, met with opposition from a bit of society, notably led by La Manif pour tous.
In the National Assembly, 183 UMP deputies voted in opposition to this legislation, amongst whom Catherine Vautrin, Annie Genevard And Patrick Hetzel.
There was no public vote within the Senate, the place adoption was by present of fingers. But an evaluation of the general public vote on Article 1eroffering that the “marriage is contracted by two persons of different or the same sex”permits us to establish the oppositions of the time. Bruno Retailleau (who supported La Manif pour tous) had voted in opposition to, similar to Sophie Primas And Francois-Noël BuffetAmong the members of the Barnier authorities, solely Thani Mohamed Soilihion the time a member of the socialist group within the Senate, had voted for it.
Although she was not but a senator on the time (she has solely been in workplace for the reason that finish of 2020), the Secretary of State for Consumer Affairs, Laurence Garnierhad been actively concerned with La Manif pour tous. As a candidate for mayor of Nantes, she had acknowledged in 2013 that if she have been elected, she wouldn’t have fun same-sex marriages in her identify.
2018: the Schiappa legislation in opposition to sexual and sexist violence
The legislation strengthening the struggle in opposition to sexual and gender-based violence, launched in 2018 by the Secretary of State for Equality between Women and Men, Marlène Schiappa, consolidates legal legislation: the statute of limitations for crimes of a sexual or violent nature dedicated in opposition to minors has been prolonged (to thirty years), their sentences elevated (to seven years); and provisions have been created to toughen the struggle in opposition to sexual and ethical harassment, on the street and on-line.
This legislation has sparked controversy. Article 2 was on the epicenter of the controversy. Its preliminary model established a “presumption” of rape for minors beneath 15 years of age. Amended following a damaging opinion from the Council of State, the article has misplaced its essence by solely specifying the circumstances wherein a sexual act dedicated with a minor might be thought-about rape.
Thani Mohamed Soilihithe brand new Secretary of State for Francophonie, voted in opposition to this legislation when he was Vice-President of the Senate. He additionally didn’t signal the platform of the 84 deputies and senators of La République en Marche in help of the legislation, printed on August 25, 2018 within the Sunday newspaper. However, he spoke in May within the Senate on the legislation aimed toward strengthening the safety order for girls who’re victims of home violence. He had notably tabled two amendments whose goal was to “to make the protection order more effective and thus allow victims to have greater recourse to it”in his personal phrases.
2021: the bioethics legislation opening PMA to all
The legislation of August 2, 2021 regarding bioethics opens the fitting to medically assisted procreation (MAP) to all ladies, together with single ladies and lesbian {couples}, permits double gamete donation and expands the self-preservation of oocytes. After twenty-two months of debate, the textual content was adopted within the National Assembly on June 29, 2021 by 326 votes to 115. In the Senate, the evaluation of the votes is delicate: contemplating that the oppositions on this textual content have been insurmountable, the senators had determined, earlier than the third and ultimate studying, to undertake a preliminary query in committee, a process which provides the fitting to not provoke a brand new dialogue.
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Among the deputies who oppose it are: Paul Christophe (Acting collectively), who grew to become Minister of Solidarity, Annie Genevard (The Republicans, LR), Minister of Agriculture, and Patrick Hetzel (LR), now in increased training and analysis. The latter poses as a champion of obstruction by tabling 100 amendments through the examination of the legislation.
As for Bruno Retailleauthen senator and president of the LR group within the Senate, he had the article opening PMA to all ladies eliminated throughout a earlier studying – a central article then reinstated by the deputies.
2022: Ban on conversion remedy
A invoice to incorporate a ban on conversion remedy within the French penal code was adopted on January 25, 2022. This textual content creates a brand new offense prohibiting conversion remedy. “repeated practices, behaviors or statements aimed at modifying or repressing a person’s actual or supposed sexual orientation or gender identity”, leading to a “impairment of his physical or mental health”beneath penalty of two years' imprisonment and a superb of 30,000 euros.
Several new ministers, who have been then sitting within the Senate, voted on this proposal on December 7, 2021. In whole, 305 senators voted in favor of banning conversion remedy, together with seven ministers from Michel Barnier's authorities. Only twenty-eight senators opposed this textual content, all from the LR group, together with two new ministers, Bruno RetailleauAnd Laurence Garnier.
Assuring to be “obviously against conversion therapy”the Minister of the Interior justified his vote by explaining that the textual content “also evokes gender identity, in the name of which people ask to change sex, which goes far beyond the question of the protection of homosexual people.”
2022: Vignal legislation on the household identify
This textual content, which got here into pressure in July 2022, simplifies each the foundations on the same old identify and the process for altering one's identify. In specific, by facilitating the procedures for moms wishing to subsequently register their identify on their youngsters's papers (significantly after a divorce), it reinforces equality between patronymic and matronymic.
In ultimate studying to the meeting, Patrick Hetzelis the one elected member of the Chamber, out of 72 current, to have voted in opposition to the so-called “Vignal” legislation in March 2022.
2024: inclusion of IVG within the Constitution
Meeting in Congress in Versailles on March 4, 2024, Parliament largely adopted the undertaking to incorporate voluntary termination of being pregnant (IVG) within the French Constitution. The textual content obtained 780 votes in favor of this constitutional revision, and seventy-two in opposition to.
Of the thirty-nine ministers who make up the brand new authorities, twenty-two took half on this historic vote. Most (seventeen) voted in favour, whereas three opposed it (the LR senators Bruno Retailleau, Laurence GarnierAnd Patrick Hetzel), and two abstained (LR senator Francois-Noël Buffetand the LR MP Annie Genevard).
2024: invoice proposed within the Senate on the care of minors “in gender questioning”
In March 2024, seven of the brand new ministers within the Barnier authorities voted in favour of a legislation on the care of minors in “gender questioning”. Alone Thani Mohamed Soilihi And Nathalie Delattre are in opposition to.
At the initiative of the LR, this legislation goals “to supervise the medical practices implemented in the care of minors with gender issues”. Among different issues, it proposes to ban puberty blockers and to repeal the “Blanquer circular” permitting transgender college students to make use of the identify they’ve chosen at college. The textual content is predicated on the report of a working group beneath the aegis of Senator (LR) Jacqueline Eustache-Brinio who heard from sixty-seven specialists, however whose conclusions have attracted a lot criticism in medical and specialist affiliation circles, who’re alarmed by its bias and its suggestions far faraway from the realities on the bottom.
Adopted at first studying within the Senate on May 28, 2024, this invoice was not voted on within the National Assembly, which was dissolved on June 9.
https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2024/09/24/gouvernement-barnier-comment-les-nouveaux-ministres-ont-vote-les-dernieres-grandes-lois-societales_6330679_4355770.html